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SEO Glossary

Every SEO term, finally explained simply.

SEO has its own language — backlinks, canonical, E-E-A-T, schema, GEO. Most glossaries define jargon with more jargon. This one explains every term in plain English, with an example wherever it helps.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

Alt text

The text description of an image, used by screen readers and search engines. Essential for accessibility and image SEO. Example: alt="A bar chart showing SEO traffic over 12 months" — describe what's in the image, not what it's called.

Anchor text

The clickable text of a hyperlink. Google reads anchor text to understand what a linked page is about. "Click here" is bad anchor text; "free SEO course" is good.

Authority

How much trust a site or page has earned. Built primarily through backlinks from trusted sources. High-authority pages rank more easily for difficult keywords.

B

Backlink

A link from another website pointing to your page. Backlinks are like recommendations — the more good-quality ones you have, the more Google trusts you. Also called "inbound links."

Black hat SEO

SEO tactics that violate Google's guidelines — keyword stuffing, link buying, cloaking, hidden text. Works briefly, then gets your site penalized or removed from Google entirely.

Bounce rate

The percentage of visitors who leave after viewing only one page. High bounce rate often signals content didn't match what the visitor wanted — a search-intent mismatch.

C

Canonical URL

The official URL of a page when multiple URLs show the same content. Tells Google which version to rank. Example: https://example.com/article as the canonical for https://example.com/article?utm=email.

Click-through rate (CTR)

The percentage of people who click your search result after seeing it. A high CTR signals relevance to Google. Improving title tags is the fastest way to lift CTR.

Crawling

The process where Googlebot discovers and reads pages on the web. Step one of the SEO journey: if Google can't crawl your page, nothing else matters.

D

Domain authority (DA)

A 1–100 score from Moz that estimates how well a domain ranks. Not an official Google metric, but a useful proxy. Higher DA = easier to rank for competitive keywords.

Dofollow / Nofollow

Two types of links. Dofollow passes "link juice" (authority) to the destination; nofollow does not. Most regular links are dofollow. Comment-section links and ads are usually nofollow.

Duplicate content

Substantial blocks of content that appear in multiple places — same site or different sites. Google chooses one version to rank and ignores the rest.

E

E-E-A-T

Stands for Experience, Expertise, Authoritativeness, Trust. Google's framework for evaluating content quality. Especially important for "Your Money or Your Life" topics like health and finance.

External link

A link from your site pointing to another website. Linking to authoritative sources can improve your own credibility — assuming you link to genuinely good ones.

F

Featured snippet

The boxed answer that sometimes appears at the very top of Google results — above position one. Often called "position zero." Stealing a featured snippet from a competitor is a high-leverage SEO play.

G

GEO (Generative Engine Optimization)

The practice of optimizing content to be cited by AI search engines like ChatGPT, Perplexity, and Google's AI Overviews. The new layer on top of traditional SEO.

Google Search Console (GSC)

Google's free tool that shows how your site performs in search — impressions, clicks, average position, and indexing status. Essential and free.

I

Indexing

The process where Google stores a page in its database after crawling. A page must be indexed before it can rank. Check with site:yourdomain.com in Google.

Internal link

A link from one page on your site to another page on the same site. Internal links help Google understand your site structure and pass authority between pages.

K

Keyword

A word or phrase someone types into a search engine. The thing your page is trying to "rank for." Example keyword: how to learn SEO.

Keyword difficulty

An estimated score (usually 0–100) of how hard it will be to rank for a keyword. Higher difficulty = more competition. New sites should target keywords under 25.

Keyword stuffing

Repeating a keyword unnaturally in an attempt to game search rankings. Doesn't work and is actively penalized in 2026. Write naturally instead.

L

Link building

The practice of earning backlinks from other websites. Among the most effective and most-abused parts of SEO. Quality matters more than quantity.

Long-tail keyword

A longer, more specific search phrase (typically 4+ words) with lower volume but lower competition. The smart starting point for new sites.

M

Meta description

The 120–160 character summary that appears under your page title in search results. Doesn't directly affect rankings — but a good one boosts click-through rate.

Meta tags

HTML tags in the <head> of a page that tell search engines about the page. Includes title, description, robots, viewport, and others.

N

NAP consistency

Stands for Name, Address, Phone. Critical for local SEO — your business info must match exactly across every directory and listing on the web.

Noindex

A tag telling Google not to include a page in its index. Useful for thank-you pages, search results pages, and admin areas you don't want ranked.

O

On-page SEO

Everything you do on a page to help it rank — title tags, headings, content, internal links, images. Contrast with off-page SEO (mostly backlinks).

Organic traffic

Visitors who reach your site through unpaid search results — what SEO actually produces. Distinct from paid (ads), referral (other sites), and direct traffic.

P

People Also Ask (PAA)

The expandable question boxes that appear in Google search results. A goldmine of related keywords and questions to answer in your content.

Pillar content

A long, comprehensive article that covers a topic in depth. Smaller "cluster" articles link to it. Pillar + clusters = the standard content architecture for serious SEO sites.

R

Ranking

The position your page appears in search results. Position 1 is the top organic result. Anything past page 2 (position 20+) gets minimal traffic.

Rich snippet

An enhanced search result that shows extra info — star ratings, prices, FAQs. Earned by adding correct schema markup to your pages.

Robots.txt

A text file at /robots.txt that tells search engines which parts of your site they can crawl. Misconfigured robots.txt is a common cause of disappearing traffic.

S

Schema markup

Structured data added to your HTML to help search engines understand the content. Can produce rich snippets (star ratings, FAQs, etc.) and improve AI citation eligibility.

SERP

Search Engine Results Page — what you see after typing a query into Google. The full SERP includes organic results, ads, AI Overviews, featured snippets, and more.

Sitemap

An XML file listing every page on your site. Submitted to Google Search Console to help Google find and index your pages. Mandatory for any serious site.

Search intent

What the searcher actually wants when they type a query — information, navigation, comparison, or purchase. Matching intent is more important than matching keywords.

T

Title tag

The clickable headline that appears in search results. The single most important on-page SEO element. Aim for 50–60 characters with the main keyword near the start.

U

URL

The web address of a page. SEO-friendly URLs are short, descriptive, and use hyphens between words — example: /blog/why-most-people-fail-at-seo.

W

White hat SEO

SEO that follows Google's guidelines — creating great content, earning real links, providing real value. Slower, but lasts. The opposite of black hat SEO.

More terms added every month. Have one to suggest? Contact us.